A nice summary of why the nokia n800 got a lot faster using the new firmware: os2008.
The main reason why OS2008 is faster than OS2007 is that kernel now supports Dynamic Voltage Frequency Scaling (DVFS). When only CPU is used, the frequency can be higher than in OS2007, when also DSP is used, it needs to be dropped to earlier speed (which transition was a real pain to get fast and reliable enough). When neither is needed, frequency can be dropped even lower which improves battery usage.
The kernel Flash memory de/compression uses now faster algorithm which speeds up all disk accesses slightly (because the algorithm doesn't compress as well as previous one, the rootfs is now more full).
Libjpeg is now better optimized (all these factors make e.g. image viewer image loading significantly faster).
Some additional packages are now built with VFP (e.g. PDF reader is faster because of this). Because thumb & VFP don't work together, this increased the rootfs size slightly too.
After the N810 release there was also a minor optimization to the N800 specific touchscreen driver which makes N800 response ~20ms faster.
Posted by Eero Tamminen on the maemo-users mailing list.